ANALISA ASTIGMAT MYOPIA SIMPLEK PADA REMAJA

ABSTRAK Muhammad Danito Rochimat ANALISA ASTIGMAT MYOPIA SIMPLEK PADA REMAJA Gangguan refraksi merupakan salah satu penyebab kebutaan di dunia. World Health Organization (WHO) 45 juta orang menjadi buta di seluruh dunia, dan 135 juta low vision. 66 juta anak usia sekolah (5-19 tahun) di Indonesia, sekitar 10% menderita kelainan refraksi. Saat ini angka pemakaian kaca mata koreksi sekitar 12,5%. kondisi ini akan berdampak negatif pada perkembangan kecerdasan anak dan proses pembelajaran, mempengaruhi produktivitas dan mutu angkatan kerja (15-55 tahun). Untuk mengetahui prevalensi gangguan refraksi pada remaja, distribusi karakteristik subjek yang diteliti, meliputi: jenis kelamin, usia, pendidikan orang tua, penghasilan rumah tangga, adanya gangguan refraksi pada keluarga inti. Kelainan Refraksi didapat berdasarkan perilaku, menghabiskan waktu membaca, bermain game, komputer, riwayat pemeriksaan ketajaman pengelihatan dan pemakaian kacamata koreksi sebelumnya, dan gejala gangguan penglihatan serta untuk mengetahui frekuensi kejadian pada berbagai tipe gangguan refraksi. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Literature Review yang dimana menganalisa dan meneliti ulang apa yang sudah di tulis oleh penulis. Faktor paling berpengaruh pada remaja yang terdampak kelainan refraksi adalah perilaku membaca buku, bermain handphone. dan perilaku seperti kurang istirahat.

ABSTRACT Muhammad Danito Rochimat ANALISA ASTIGMAT MYOPIA SIMPLEK PADA REMAJA Uncorrected refractive error is one of the avoidable causes of vision impairment in children and adults. Vision problem in children has been shown to affect their psychological and academic performance. This study aims at identifying and gaining more insights on the characteristic of the refractive errors in state junior high school students in Bandung to avoid uncorrected refractive errors. A cross-sectional study was conducted in September–November 2015 in state junior high schools in Bandung, West Java, Indonesia. Sample was selected using multistage random sampling technique. Children were examined using tumbling E examination; then students with visual acuity worse than 6/12 underwent Snellen Chart test, refractometry without pupil dilatation, correction with trial lens, then was followed by direct ophthalmoscopy. From a total of 435 children who completed all the examination, 80 children (18.39%) had refractive errors; consisted of 151 eyes (94.38%) with myopia and 9 eyes (5.62%) with astigmatism. Refractive errors were found to be more common in female children (73.7%) than male children (26.3%). Among those with refractive errors, 45 children (56.3%) did not use any corrective glasses before the examination. Conclusions: Routine refractive error test in vision screening examination is needed for students. It is equally important to raise more awareness toward eye disease in community.